The problem
Where projects drift in early phases
Capital projects rarely struggle because of lack of expertise. More often, problems begin in the early phases, when critical issues are not fully resolved, technical and commercial development do not stay aligned, and teams move forward without a sufficiently solid basis for commitment.
Deliverables do not support the decision making
Large volumes of documentation are produced, but it remains unclear what information is required for a specific decision. Different options are supported by different levels of evidence, while key assumptions and open issues remain difficult to identify.
Technical and commercial work diverge
Engineering and commercial workstreams progress in parallel but do not stay aligned. Scope, cost and risk evolve separately, making it harder to maintain a consistent project direction.
Weak tollgate discipline
Tollgates are intended to confirm that key issues have been properly addressed before a project moves forward. In practice, criteria are sometimes interpreted flexibly and projects progress while assumptions remain open. When gate discipline weakens, earlier choices often return for discussion later in the project.
Problems surface during execution
When projects move into execution without sufficient front-end development, changes become far more disruptive. Every adjustment hits cost and schedule harder, often leading to overruns, delays and assets that ultimately underperform expectations.